Forceps – a Medical Instrument for Abnormal Deliveries

Forceps are hand-held instruments used for graspingconnecting the blades to the handles.
and holding the objects. They are similar to tweezersForceps delivery is dependent on the level and the
and tongs and can be longer or smaller in size. Thereposition of the head in the birth canal. According to the
are more than 700 types, which are used as per thegynecologists, they are classified into low, mid and high
need of the situation. Usually, they are used whenforceps. The low forceps are applied only when the
singleton fetus in cephalic position fails to develop.fetal scalp is visible and has reached the pelvic floor.
Another condition can be when the delivery is requiredThe mid forceps can be used at many points of fetal
to be done at its second stage.head.
It is used for the surgery or for medical proceduresIt is very important to understand when to use forceps
are known as surgical forceps. They are mainly usedso as to avoid any complications.
during the delivery of the child. There blades are madeThe cervix must be fully dilated and retracted.
of rigid material and their contact surface helps inThe operator should know the Pelvis category.
grasping the baby’s head.The head must be engaged.
It can be used for grasping dressings, needles orThe membrane should be ripped apart.
handling tissues. For handling tissues they have smallThe operator should be competent and should not use
teeth on their tips so that they do not have to applyaggressively forceps and vacuum.
pressure while handling. The dressing instruments areThere should be adequate facilities and support
larger and look very much like tongs. There are fouravailable for the patient convenience.
main components of forceps:Forceps surgery is an alternative to caesarean
1. Blades: This oval and elliptical blade helps in graspingdelivery. It can be done even when then the baby is
fetus.not in the right position but not in the condition when the
2. Handles: The person operating holds the instrumenthead of the baby is towards the vaginal canal. There
through the handles and applies traction to the fetalare many negative aspects it. Yes, it can cause mild to
head.severe metal retardation, skull fractures or even
3. Lock: There are different types of locks availablenerves can be damaged. If there are both positive and
and are used as an articulation between the shanks.negative aspects then sufficient thought and care
4. Shanks: Shanks are either parallel or crossed forshould be taken before using the forceps.