Malaysia: An Oriental Tourist's Haven and an Anthropologer's Delight!

Malaysia History:afterwards as the country had a strong growth in
Wikipedia, the encyclopedia says: "the history ofexports, particularly that of electronics and electrical
Malaysia is a relatively recent offshoot of the historyproducts to the Unites States. Today, the country
of the wider Malay-Indonesian world". It is so becauseenjoys faster economic recovery compared to the
anthropologists and historians could see very littleneighbouring South-East Asian countries, though it is
aspects culturally and linguistically, to distinguish today'strue that the level of affluence that was before 1997
Malaysian territories from the lands of the Malayfinancial crisis has yet to be achieved.
Archipelago. According to their research, today'sMalaysia Culture/Religion:
division of the Malay world into six different states--A multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multilingual society,
Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Brunei andhousing 65% Malays, 25% Chinese and 7% Indians,
East Timor - is largely the result of external influences,Malaysia is also home to the largest indigenous tribe in
like the Hindu India, the Islamic Middle East and Christianterms of numbers, the Iban of Sarawak (over
Europe (west), China and Japan (north-east). Besides,600,000). As an interesting matter-of-fact, the largest
the most direct shipping route passing through thecommunity in Malaysia, the malays, are all Muslims
Strait of Malacca, Malaysia has naturally been asince one has to be Muslim to be legally Malay under
melting pot of trade routes and cultures. Thus, it hasMalaysian law. However, there are also Christians and
been found out that the geographical position ofHindus amongst them. Playing a dominant political role,
Malaysia has literally made it difficult for the Malaythe Muslims amongst the Malays are included in a
people to resist foreign influence and domination.group identified as "bumiputera", speaking the native
If one analyses the history of Malaysia, he can seelanguage "Bahasa Melayu". However, despite "Bahasa
these successive phases before the final assertion ofMelayu" being the official language, when members of
Malay independence.o The domination of Hindu culturethese different communities talk to each other, they
imported from India reached its peak in the greatgenerally speak English, recently reinstated as the
Srivijaya civilisation in Sumatra (from the 7th to the 14thlanguage of instruction in higher education.
centuries).o The arrival of "Islam" in the 10th century,The Iban of Sarawak, interestingly, still live in traditional
leading to the conversion of the Malay-Indonesianjungle villages in longhouses along the Rajang and
world, having a profound influence on the MalayLupar rivers and their tributaries in Malaysia. Along with
people. The Srivijayan empire broke up into smallerthem, Malaysia also houses quite a large number of
sultanates, the most prominent one being MelakaOrang Asli or aboriginal people, who comprise a
(Malacca).o The intrusion of the European colonialnumber of different ethnic communities living in
powers and European domination: (i) Portuguese, (ii)Peninsular Malaysia. Traditionally nomadic
Dutch and (iii) British, who established bases at Penanghunter-gatherers and agriculturists, many have been
and Singapore. This triggered off the mostsedentarised and partially absorbed into modern
revolutionary event in Malay history - the Anglo-DutchMalaysia, though still remaining the poorest group in the
treaty of 1824, which drew a frontier between Britishcountry.
Malaya and the Netherlands East Indies (nowApart from the original nomadic tribes, there are the
Indonesia). Thus, the division of the Malay world wasChinese comprising of about a quarter of the
established permanently.o The British had obviouspopulation and also Indians who account for about 7%
economic intentions in establishing their empire in theof the population. While the Chinese are mostly
Malay world. In colonizing the Malay world, they hadBuddhists, Taoists or Christian, and speak a variety of
forseen financial profit, banking on the obviousChinese dialects, the Indians are mainly south-indian
attractions of Malaya, the tin and gold mines. However,Hindus, speaking Tamil, Telegu, Malayalam and Hindi.
soon after, the British planters started exploring theHowever, english as a first language is used by
tropical plantation crops including pepper and coffee.umpteen middle to upper-middle class Chinese as well
On the other hand, there was a mass immigration ofas Indians in Malaysia.
Chinese and Indian workers to meet the needs of theThe remaining population of Malaysia comprises of a
colonial economy. To meet the needs of a large andsizeable Sikh community, of Eurasians (of mixed
disciplined work-force, plantation workers, mainlyPortuguese and Malay descent as well as mixed
Tamil-speakers from South India as well as immigrantMalay and Spanish descent), Cambodians, and
workers from southern China were imported to theVietnamese. In most cases, the Cambodians and
land. Thus, the Malay society suffered the loss ofVietnamese are Buddhists of the Theravada sect and
political sovereignty to the British and of economicMahayana sect.
sovereignty to the Chinese.The Chinese forming a sizeable part of the population,
However, after the outbreak of the Sino-JapaneseMalaysian traditional music is heavily influenced by
War in the 1930's, Chinese emigration to MalayaChinese forms. Saying that, the Islamic forms also
stopped significantly, thereby stabilising theinfluence the music to a great extent. The music,
demographic situation. In 1957, Malay became anbased largely around the gendang (drum), also includes
independent nation, with 55% Malay population, anda number of interesting percussion instruments, and
with rich export industries, consisting of rubber, tin, palmeven flutes and trumpets. Infested with a strong
oil, and iron ore.tradition of dance and dance dramas, some of Thai,
1963 was a significant year for the Malay world, whenIndian and Portuguese origin, the malaysian culture also
Malaya became Malaysia with the acquisition of theincorporates artistic forms like wayang kulit (shadow
British territories in North Borneo and Singapore. It waspuppet theatre), silat (a stylised martial art) and crafts
followed by various political onslaughts likelike batik, weaving, silver and brasswork.
confrontation with Indonesia, the race riots of 1969, theIn terms of religion, Malaysians usually tend to
establishment of emergency rule and a curtailment ofpersonally respect one another's religious beliefs.
political life and civil liberties forever. However, after theHowever, inter-religious problems arise mainly from the
New Economic Policy introduced by the government inpolitical sphere. Often non-muslims are said to
1971, the Malaysian economy improved significantly,experience restrictions in activities like construction of
with the elimination of rural poverty, and with thereligious buildings. All Muslims here are obliged to follow
identification between race and economic function. Thethe decisions of sharia courts, although when it comes
political culture of Malaysia, on the other hand, remainsto leaving/renouncing the Islam faith, the court of
increasingly authoritarian till recent times, with a notablemalaysia is said to have denied one the right (such as
decline of democracy. The question of when and howthe Yeshua Jalilludin versus the Minister of Home
Malaysia will acquire a multi-party democracy, a freeAffairs case in the 1980's).
press, an independent judiciary and the restoration ofMalaysia Travel/Tourism:
civil and political liberties remain unanswered, despite itsA glorious haven comprising of island life, adventures,
economic maturity which has been quite acity excitement and oriental culture & heritage,
phenomenon in the Malaysian history.Malaysia has been attracting tourists from all nook and
Malaysia Economy:corner of the world as an ideal travel destination for
With a small and a relatively open economy, Malaysiaover a decade now. With energetic, entertaining dance
is a country on the move. Earlier what had been aforms, with a mythical culture that represents fertility,
country dependent on agriculture and primaryvigilance and dignity, with elaborate traditional festivals
commodities has today grown to be an export-drivenlike the bamboo dance and the warrior dance, and
nation, thriving on high technology, knowledge-basedwith a strong sense of community, Malaysia is truly a
and capital-intensive industries.land of many cultures, wonders and attractions in the
This drastic structural transformation of Malaysia'sheart of Asia.
economy which has been quite spectacular in theseA land of fascinating extremes, where towering
forty years, has been the result of pragmatism and askyscrapers look down upon primitive longhouses, it
number of decisive steps taken by the Malaysiantruly accounts for a memorable eco-holiday. Above all,
government. Largely depending on its wealth of mineralwith some of the best beaches and diving spots in the
resources, fertile soils, agriculture and manufacturing,world, it is ideal for island getaways. It is no wonder
the Malaysian economy achieved average annualthen, that with promoting Malaysia as a destination of
growth rates of about 7% during the last decade. Andexcellence, the travel/tourism development department
it has been possible because the government did notof Malaysia has been able to increase the number of
rest on its laurels, but took important steps instrumentalforeign tourists and also extend their average length of
to the country's economic progress, like eradicatingstay, thereby increasing Malaysia's tourism revenue
poverty with a controversial race-conscious programconsiderably over the years.
called New Economic Policy (NEP). First established inIsland Life highlights in Malaysia consist mainly of the
1971, it was designed in particular to enhance theLangwaki Island, Kedah, and the Pangkor Laut, Perak.
economic standing of ethnic Malays and otherWhile the local legends, beautiful beaches and natural
indigenous people, collectively known as "bumiputras".marvels make the Langwaki Island especially
The results of such a revolutionary economic policyenchanting and unforgettable as a fascinating Island
introduced by the government clearly shown, as thegetaway, the Pangkor Laut, Perak, is basically a
GDP doubled to reach an estimated RM219.4 billionprivate island whose market value has increased
(US$57.7 billion) in 2002. On the other hand, the countrydramatically after it was voted as the 'Best Island in
has shown tremendous potentials in its exports andthe World' by the UK-based Conde Naste Traveller
imports which have almost quadrupled to reachMagazine. Aficionados of adventure would just love to
RM349.6 billion (US$92.0 billion) and RM298.5 billionexplore Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia's first World
(US$78.6 billion) respectively. These highly contributed inHeritage Site and one of Southeast Asia's highest
placing Malaysia among the world's top 20 tradingmountains (4,093 metres). Towering amidst a veil of
nations, for which today the country even boasts ofclouds, while the largest cave chamber in the world at
being an important trading partner for the UnitedMulu Caves beckons the tourists with its inexplicable
States. With a manufacturing sector that nowmystery, on the other hand, lush tropical jungles
accounts for 30.4% of Malaysia's GDP, Malaysiateeming with wildlife for millions of years, like the
today is considered one of the world's leadingTaman Negara, Pahang, would be tempting one to
exporters of semiconductor devices, computer hardexperience the exhilaration of endless escapades.
disk drives, audio and video products, and roomThose looking for city attractions in Malaysia like
air-conditioners.glamour, shopping, fine dining and more will definitely be
Rapid industrialization became a boon for the country,able to satisfy their fine tastes and sensibilities. With
after the government opened itself to foreign directthe ultra-modern Petronas Twin Towers (in the Kuala
investments (FDI) in the 1960s. Currently, with itsLumpur City Centre), the classic Moorish-style old
market-oriented economy, combined with an educatedRailway station, the luxurious and extravagant
workforce and a well-developed infrastructure,shopping malls and restaurants with succulent Chinese
Malaysia has been regarded as one of the largestand oriental food fests, one cannot fail to revel in the
recipients of FDI among developing countries. Thoughumpteen alluring attractions of Malaysia.
the Asian Financial crisis in 1997 saw Foreign directWith all these and much more in store, its no wonder
investment in Malaysia falling at an alarming rate andthat global tourists continue to return to Malaysia time
Ringgit depreciating substantially from MYR 2.50 perand again to explore its mixture of cultures and
USD to much levels lower (up to MYR 4.80 per USDenvironments for a fantastic, inspiring holiday.
at its bottom), the economy rejuvinated shortly